Companies across sectors face growing requirements on product circularity, resource efficiency and end-of-life responsibility, which change how products are designed, produced, used, reused and disposed of. Speakers will discuss who should pay for circularity and end-of-life management: the producer, the business owner, the end consumer or the secondary materials market. The discussion will cover sector experience, the economics of circular models and how to account for full life-cycle costs at the design and production stage.

This session is co-hosted by CN Ukraine and CN Germany.